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Cardiovascular, diabetes, and cancer strips: evidences, mechanisms, and classifications
Chun-Song Hu1, Qing-Hua Wu1, Da-Yi Hu1
11 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China ; 2 Cardiovascular Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
Insights
This study introduces cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM), and cancer (CDC) strips, detailing their mechanisms and classifications. Understanding these interconnected disease pathways is crucial for managing non-communicable diseases.
Area of Science:
- Medical Science
- Pathophysiology
- Disease Mechanisms
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM), and cancers (CDC) are leading causes of non-communicable diseases (NCDs).
- The interrelationships and shared underlying mechanisms between these conditions are not fully elucidated.
- Existing research often examines these diseases in isolation, necessitating a holistic approach.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and name "CDC strips" representing the co-occurrence of CVD, DM, and cancers.
- To elucidate the mechanisms, classifications, and clinical significance of these interconnected disease pathways.
- To provide a framework for understanding and managing these common NCDs.
Main Methods:
- A narrative and systematic review of evidence-based literature from the past 10 years.
- Interpretive analysis integrating literature findings with extensive clinical experience.
- Data extraction from 48 selected articles, including qualitative, quantitative, and mixed data.
Main Results:
- Evidence supports the existence of "CDC strips" linking CVD and DM, DM and cancers, and cancers and CVD.
- The "Bad SEED" +/- "bad soil" theory is proposed to explain these links, involving internal environmental factors and risk factors.
- Mechanisms involve multi-pathway and multi-target interactions at organ, tissue, cellular, and genetic levels.
- Classifications include main strips (Type B) and branches (Type A).
Conclusions:
- The concept of "CDC strips" provides a novel framework for understanding the links between CVD, DM, and cancers.
- Understanding these strips, their mechanisms, and classifications is vital for the prevention and control of NCDs.
- This research offers insights into managing high-risk individuals and disease clusters.
Objectives:
To report and name firstly that there are cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM) and cancers (CDC) strips; and disclose their mechanisms, classifications, and clinical significances.
Study Design:
Narrative and systematic review study and interpretive analysis.
Data Sources And Study Selection:
to collect and present related evidences on CDC strips from evidence-based, open-access, both Chinese- and English-language literatures in recent 10 years on clinical trials from PubMed according to keywords "CVD, DM and cancers" as well as authors' extensive clinical experience with the treatment of more than fifty thousands of patients with CVD, diabetes and cancers over the past decades, and analyze their related mechanisms and categories which based on authors' previous works.
Data Extraction:
data were mainly extracted from 48 articles which are listed in the reference section of this review. Qualitative, quantitative and mixed data were included, narratively and systematically reviewed.
Results:
With several conceptual and technical breakthrough, authors present related evidences on CDC strips, these are, CVD and DM, DM and cancers, cancers and CVD linked, respectively; And "Bad SEED" +/- "bad soil" theory or doctrine may explain this phenomenon due to "internal environmental injure, abnormal or unbalance" in human body resulting from the role of risk factors (RFs) related multi-pathways and multi-targets, which including organ & tissue (e.g., vascular-specific), cell and gene-based mechanisms. Their classifications include main strips/type B, and Branches/type A as showed by tables and figures in this article.
Conclusions:
There are CDC strips and related mechanisms and classifications. CDC strips may help us to understand, prevent, and control related common non-communicable diseases (NCDs) as well as these high risk strips.
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