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Updated: Apr 23, 2026

A Model of Reverse Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Left Heart Disease by Aortic Debanding in Rats
Published on: March 1, 2022
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations presenting as refractory heart failure
Ying Liao1, Kai-Hong Chen1, Guo-Yong Huang1
1Department of Cardiology, Longyan First Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000, China.
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) can mimic refractory heart failure, leading to misdiagnosis. This case highlights the importance of considering rare vascular conditions in heart failure patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Radiology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) presents diagnostic challenges.
- Refractory heart failure requires thorough etiological investigation.
Observation:
- A 22-year-old male with IDC presented with severe heart failure.
- Thoracic imaging revealed pulmonary nodules.
- CT angiography confirmed pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs).
Findings:
- PAVMs were initially misdiagnosed as refractory heart failure.
- The patient's critical condition precluded effective treatment.
- The case underscores diagnostic complexities in cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases.
Implications:
- Consider PAVMs in heart failure patients with unexplained pulmonary findings.
- Early and accurate diagnosis of PAVMs is crucial for appropriate management.
- This case emphasizes the need for multidisciplinary diagnostic approaches.
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