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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Eye01:20

Muscles of the Eye

6.2K
The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for vision. The human eye is controlled by ten muscles — six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one primary eyelid retractor muscle.
Extraocular Muscles
The six extraocular muscles surround the eyeball and control its movements. They are responsible for a wide range of eye motions, including looking up, down, left, right, and...
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Surgical Correction for Pediatric Epiblepharon and Trichiasis
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Muscle-sparing blepharoplasty: a prospective left-right comparative study.

Lee Kiang1, Peter Deptula2, Momal Mazhar2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Archives of Plastic Surgery
|October 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Muscle-sparing upper blepharoplasty yields comparable aesthetic results to standard blepharoplasty. This approach significantly reduces complications like eyelid closure issues and dry eye, making it a recommended alternative for patients.

Keywords:
BlepharoplastyDry eye syndromesPtosis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Plastic Surgery
  • Facial Rejuvenation

Background:

  • Standard upper blepharoplasty involves removing skin and orbicularis oculi muscle.
  • Postoperative observations noted eyelid closure sluggishness, lagophthalmos, and eye irritation potentially linked to muscle excision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the outcomes of standard blepharoplasty with a muscle-sparing technique.
  • To evaluate the impact of orbicularis oculi muscle resection on postoperative complications.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, prospective, single-blinded study comparing skin-only excision to skin-muscle removal in 22 patients.
  • Fellow eyes served as internal controls, with evaluations up to six months post-surgery.
  • Outcome measures included eyelid closure, lagophthalmos, dry eye, and aesthetics, assessed by patients, surgeons, and an expert panel.

Main Results:

  • Aesthetic outcomes were comparable between both surgical techniques.
  • Eyelids with significant muscle resection showed a higher incidence of sluggish eyelid closure, lagophthalmos, and dry eye syndrome.

Conclusions:

  • Muscle-sparing upper blepharoplasty achieves similar aesthetic results to conventional blepharoplasty.
  • This technique significantly reduces the risk of postoperative complications such as lagophthalmos and dry eye.
  • Muscle-sparing upper blepharoplasty is recommended for improved patient outcomes.