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Targeting inhaled therapy beyond the lungs.

Ninell P Mortensen, Anthony J Hickey

    Respiration; International Review of Thoracic Diseases
    |October 4, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Inhaled therapeutics can treat systemic diseases by bypassing the lungs. Understanding lung transport barriers and drug properties is key for effective aerosol drug delivery.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary medicine
    • Pharmacology
    • Biomedical engineering

    Background:

    • Pulmonary disease has historically been the main focus for inhaled therapeutics.
    • There is growing interest in using the lungs to deliver drugs to the systemic circulation for non-airway diseases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the barriers and factors influencing inhaled aerosol transport from the lungs to the systemic circulation.
    • To provide a comprehensive overview of aerosol drug delivery for systemic diseases.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on aerosol generation, deposition, and clearance mechanisms.
    • Analysis of factors affecting drug disposition in the lungs, including disease nature and drug properties.

    Main Results:

    • Effective systemic delivery requires efficient aerosol generation and deposition.
    • Lung clearance mechanisms (absorption, metabolism, mucociliary transport) influence drug residence time.
    • Drug characteristics (molecular weight, physicochemical properties, degradation susceptibility) are critical for formulation and delivery.

    Conclusions:

    • The lungs offer a viable route for systemic drug delivery beyond pulmonary diseases.
    • Optimizing inhaled therapeutics requires a multidisciplinary approach considering formulation, delivery physics, and biological disposition.

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