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Assessing Dyslexia at Six Year of Age
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Executive functioning in children with developmental dyslexia.

Octávio Moura1, Mário R Simões, Marcelino Pereira

  • 1a Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences , University of Coimbra , 3001-802 Coimbra , Portugal.

The Clinical Neuropsychologist
|October 4, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children with developmental dyslexia (DD) show deficits in processing speed, shifting, and verbal fluency compared to typically developing children (TDC). Shifting ability emerged as a key predictor for identifying developmental dyslexia.

Keywords:
Developmental dyslexiaPlanningProcessing speedShiftingVerbal fluency

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Executive functions are crucial higher-order cognitive processes.
  • Developmental dyslexia (DD) is a learning disorder that may be associated with executive function deficits.
  • Understanding these links is vital for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate executive function differences in children with and without developmental dyslexia.
  • To assess specific executive functions: processing speed, shifting, planning, and verbal fluency.
  • To identify which executive functions best predict developmental dyslexia.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 50 Portuguese children with DD and 50 typically developing children (TDC).
  • Participants aged 8-12 years were assessed on executive function tasks.
  • Statistical analyses included group comparisons, controlling for intellectual ability, and logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Children with DD exhibited significant deficits in processing speed, shifting, and verbal fluency compared to TDC.
  • These differences persisted for shifting and verbal fluency, and marginally for processing speed, after controlling for general intellectual ability.
  • Planning ability did not differ significantly between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Specific executive function deficits, particularly in shifting, are present in children with developmental dyslexia.
  • Shifting ability is a significant predictor of developmental dyslexia.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the cognitive profile of developmental dyslexia but should not be used for diagnosis alone.