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Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

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Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
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Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

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Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
247
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

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Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
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Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions01:01

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions

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Type II hypersensitivity involves IgG and IgM antibodies targeting cell surface antigens, leading to cell destruction. This can occur through complement activation, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), or acting as opsonins for phagocytosis. When excessive, these reactions cause significant tissue damage.Drug-induced hemolytic anemia is a common example, where drugs like penicillin or cephalosporins bind to red blood cells, forming drug-protein complexes. These complexes...
198
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

1.6K
Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
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Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering
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Prasugrel-induced hypersensitivity skin reaction.

Soo-Han Kim1, Sang-Don Park1, Yong-Soo Baek1

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.

Korean Circulation Journal
|October 4, 2014
PubMed
Summary

A patient experienced a generalized skin rash due to prasugrel hypersensitivity. Switching to clopidogrel resolved the reaction, demonstrating its safety as an alternative antiplatelet medication.

Keywords:
ClopidogrelExanthemaHypersensitivityPrasugrelThienopyridine

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Prasugrel is a P2Y12 inhibitor used for antiplatelet therapy.
  • Hypersensitivity reactions to medications can occur, necessitating alternative treatment options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of hypersensitivity skin reaction to prasugrel.
  • To highlight the successful use of clopidogrel as an alternative agent.

Main Methods:

  • A patient developed a generalized skin rash after initiating prasugrel therapy.
  • Prasugrel was discontinued and replaced with clopidogrel.
  • Clinical monitoring for adverse reactions was performed.

Main Results:

  • The patient's skin rash resolved completely after discontinuing prasugrel.
  • Clopidogrel was administered without any recurrence of hypersensitivity or adverse skin reactions.

Conclusions:

  • Prasugrel can cause hypersensitivity skin reactions.
  • Clopidogrel is a viable and safe alternative for patients experiencing prasugrel-induced hypersensitivity.