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Morphometric Study of the Atlas Vertebra using Manual Method.

Shilpa N Gosavi1, P Vatsalaswamy2

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Summary

This study measured dimensions of the human atlas (C1 vertebra) in the Indian population. Findings provide crucial bony landmarks for surgical procedures near vital neural and vascular structures.

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Anthropology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • The atlas (C1 vertebra) is a critical anatomical structure due to its proximity to vital neural and vascular elements.
  • Understanding the morphological variations of the atlas is essential for surgical interventions and clinical assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively assess the morphometric parameters of the human atlas (C1 vertebra) in the Indian population.
  • To establish normative data for key dimensions of the atlas relevant to surgical anatomy.

Main Methods:

  • One hundred dried, intact human atlas vertebrae from the Indian population were analyzed.
  • Measurements were taken using a digital Vernier caliper, including transverse process width, foramen transversaria dimensions, and vertebral foramen diameters.
  • Mean values for atlas width, inter-foramen distances, and vertebral artery groove thickness were calculated.

Main Results:

  • The mean width of the atlas was 69.37 mm.
  • The mean outer and inner distances between the foramen transversaria were 55.66 mm and 45.93 mm, respectively.
  • The mean thickness of the vertebral artery grooves was 3.72 ± 1.06 mm.

Conclusions:

  • The morphometric data obtained provide valuable insights into the bony dimensions of the human atlas.
  • These findings can aid surgeons in better understanding anatomical variations and improving safety during procedures involving the upper cervical spine.
  • The study contributes to the existing literature on the morphological characteristics of the C1 vertebra in a specific population.