Cerebral vasospasm: current concepts of pathogenesis and treatment

It is believed that most patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to aneurysmal rupture experience some degree of cerebral vasospasm, although not all develop specific neurologic deficits. Management is complicated, and at present the outcome is often less than optimal. This article reviews the symptoms, predictors and pathophysiology of vasospasm, highlighting current theories of pathogenesis as well as their relationship to treatment. This information is essential for the neuroscience nurse to care adequately for these patients. A plan of care for the patient with cerebral vasospasm is included.