Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sample Size Calculation01:19

Sample Size Calculation

5.2K
Knowledge of the sample size is the first requirement to conduct random sampling or an experiment. The sample size is the total number of units, observations, or groups (in some cases) used to get the data to estimate a population parameter. As the name suggests, the sample size is that of the sample drawn from the population and differs from the population size.
The sample size for the given experiment or sampling effort is fundamental to any study design. Sample size decides the number of...
5.2K
Sample Proportion and Population Proportion01:20

Sample Proportion and Population Proportion

5.6K
Collecting samples or responses from an entire population takes significant time and effort, so a researcher collects responses from only a sample of that population. Suppose a study needs to collect information about a specific mobile application. After sample collection, the researcher analyzes the data and discovers that most individuals in the sample use that specific mobile application. The sample proportion measures the number of individuals in a sample who either use or don't use the...
5.6K
One-Way ANOVA: Unequal Sample Sizes01:15

One-Way ANOVA: Unequal Sample Sizes

5.8K
One-way ANOVA can be performed on three or more samples of unequal sizes. However, calculations get complicated when sample sizes are not always the same. So, while performing ANOVA with unequal samples size, the following equation is used:
5.8K
One-Way ANOVA: Equal Sample Sizes01:15

One-Way ANOVA: Equal Sample Sizes

3.2K
One-Way ANOVA can be performed on three or more samples with equal or unequal sample sizes. When one-way ANOVA is performed on two datasets with samples of equal sizes, it can be easily observed that the computed F statistic is highly sensitive to the sample mean.
Different sample means can result in different values for the variance estimate: variance between samples. This is because the variance between samples is calculated as the product of the sample size and the variance between the...
3.2K
Contaminants and Errors01:16

Contaminants and Errors

663
Effective sample preparation is crucial for accurate and reliable laboratory analysis. During this process, two significant sources of error can arise: concentration bias from improper sample splitting and contamination caused by methods used to reduce particle size, such as grinding or homogenization. Identifying and minimizing these potential errors is crucial to ensuring the validity of the analysis.
Another key consideration is determining the appropriate number of samples required to...
663
Sampling Methods: Overview01:06

Sampling Methods: Overview

3.7K
A sample refers to a smaller subset representative of a larger population. In analytical chemistry, studying or analyzing an entire population is often impractical or impossible. Therefore, samples are used to draw inferences and generalize the whole population. The sampling method selects individuals or items from a population to create a sample. Standard sampling methods include random, judgemental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling. 
In analytical chemistry, the choice of...
3.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Facial esthetic perception between skeletal Class III patients treated with conventional and surgery-first orthognathic approaches.

The Angle orthodontist·2025
Same author

Long-term mandibular advancement appliance therapy for obstructive sleep apnea: Adherence and outcomes over 10 years.

Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)·2025
Same author

The role of orthodontists in the multidisciplinary management of obstructive sleep apnea.

Progress in orthodontics·2024
Same author

Calcitonin as a pharmacological anchorage in orthodontics.

Indian journal of dental research : official publication of Indian Society for Dental Research·2023
Same author

Solitary Median Maxillary Central Incisor in Hartsfield Syndrome: A Case Report.

International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry·2023
Same author

Does treating proximal cavities in primary molars non-restoratively affect intra-arch space and alignment of successor teeth negatively? A 4-year longitudinal study.

PeerJ·2022
Same journal

Force systems and the function of attachments in aligner biomechanics: an analytical approach.

Dental press journal of orthodontics·2026
Same journal

Adolescents' self-recognition of their facial profile: associations with wellbeing, self-esteem and sociodemographic factors.

Dental press journal of orthodontics·2026
Same journal

Influence of incisor display and lower lip height on smile esthetics and perceived age.

Dental press journal of orthodontics·2026
Same journal

Catastrophizing questionnaire: translation and psychometric validation in Brazilian adult orthodontic patients.

Dental press journal of orthodontics·2026
Same journal

When does Orthodontics make a difference? Threshold effects in attractiveness perception and hiring intentions.

Dental press journal of orthodontics·2026
Same journal

Pediatric validation of an AI-assisted smartphone application (WebCeph) for cephalometric analysis: reliability, reproducibility and time-efficiency assessment.

Dental press journal of orthodontics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

3.1K

How sample size influences research outcomes.

Jorge Faber, Lilian Martins Fonseca

    Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics
    |October 4, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Determining the correct sample size is crucial for study validity and ethical research. An appropriate sample size ensures reliable results for clinical decision-making, avoiding both underpowered and overly large studies.

    Keywords:
    Clinical trialMethodologySample calculationSample sizeScientific evidence

    More Related Videos

    Sampling Soils in a Heterogeneous Research Plot
    07:11

    Sampling Soils in a Heterogeneous Research Plot

    Published on: January 7, 2019

    35.9K
    Modeling the Size Spectrum for Macroinvertebrates and Fishes in Stream Ecosystems
    07:41

    Modeling the Size Spectrum for Macroinvertebrates and Fishes in Stream Ecosystems

    Published on: July 30, 2019

    7.1K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 23, 2026

    Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
    10:26

    Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

    Published on: September 11, 2021

    3.1K
    Sampling Soils in a Heterogeneous Research Plot
    07:11

    Sampling Soils in a Heterogeneous Research Plot

    Published on: January 7, 2019

    35.9K
    Modeling the Size Spectrum for Macroinvertebrates and Fishes in Stream Ecosystems
    07:41

    Modeling the Size Spectrum for Macroinvertebrates and Fishes in Stream Ecosystems

    Published on: July 30, 2019

    7.1K

    Area of Science:

    • Epidemiology
    • Clinical Research
    • Laboratory Studies

    Background:

    • Sample size calculation is a fundamental early step in scientific study design.
    • Ethical and methodological considerations necessitate proper sample size determination.
    • Discrepancies in sample size can lead to differing interpretations and clinical decisions despite identical methodologies and results.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To discuss the implications of sample size in study interpretation.
    • To explain the importance of appropriate sample sizes in clinical and epidemiological research.
    • To guide researchers in understanding the impact of sample size on study outcomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review and discussion of existing research principles.
    • Analysis of the impact of sample size on statistical power and generalizability.
    • Clinical interpretation of study findings based on sample size.

    Main Results:

    • Studies with inadequate sample sizes may yield inconclusive or misleading results.
    • Excessively large sample sizes do not necessarily enhance clinical decision-making and can be resource-intensive.
    • Optimal sample size balances statistical validity with ethical and practical considerations.

    Conclusions:

    • Appropriate sample size is critical for the validity and ethical conduct of research.
    • Researchers must carefully consider sample size to ensure reliable interpretation and clinical applicability of study findings.
    • Avoiding both small and excessively large sample sizes is key for robust scientific evidence.