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Arterial pseudoaneurysms complicating pancreatitis: literature review

Franco Verde1, Elliot K Fishman, Pamela T Johnson

  • 1From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD.

Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography
|October 4, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Mesenteric pseudoaneurysms are rare vascular complications of pancreatitis. This review covers their occurrence, causes, diagnosis, and management in acute and chronic pancreatitis patients.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Gastroenterology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Pancreatitis, both acute and chronic, can lead to uncommon vascular complications.
  • Arterial pseudoaneurysms in visceral arteries are a recognized, though infrequent, sequela.
  • Mesenteric pseudoaneurysms specifically complicate the course of pancreatic disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the incidence and pathophysiology of mesenteric pseudoaneurysms.
  • To discuss current imaging modalities for diagnosis.
  • To outline treatment strategies and prognosis for these vascular lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on pancreatitis and mesenteric pseudoaneurysms.
  • Synthesis of information regarding etiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic techniques.
  • Analysis of treatment outcomes and prognostic factors.

Main Results:

  • Mesenteric pseudoaneurysms are an uncommon but significant complication of pancreatitis.
  • Various imaging techniques, including CT angiography and ultrasound, are crucial for diagnosis.
  • Treatment options range from endovascular embolization to surgical intervention, with varying success rates.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and appropriate management are vital for improving outcomes.
  • Understanding the pathophysiology aids in predicting and preventing these complications.
  • Multidisciplinary approaches are often necessary for optimal patient care.

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