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High-throughput Identification of Bacteria Repellent Polymers for Medical Devices
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Biohybrid polymer-antimicrobial peptide medium against Enterococcus faecalis.

Lea H Eckhard1, Asaf Sol2, Ester Abtew3

  • 1Department of Prosthodontics, the Hebrew University - Faculty of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.

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|October 4, 2014
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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) show promise as antibiotic alternatives. Formulating the most effective peptide, C16-KGGK, with biodegradable polymers significantly enhanced its activity against the persistent pathogen Enterococcus faecalis.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are crucial for innate immunity and are explored as antibiotic alternatives.
  • Biodegradable polymer formulations offer sustained release of AMPs for topical treatments, crucial in challenging environments like the oral cavity.
  • Enterococcus faecalis is a multidrug-resistant pathogen frequently causing persistent infections, including those in root canals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of five antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) against Enterococcus faecalis.
  • To develop and assess novel peptide-polymer biohybrid formulations for enhanced antibacterial activity.

Main Methods:

  • Five AMPs, including ultra-short lipopeptides and an α-helical peptide, were tested against planktonic and biofilm-grown E. faecalis.
  • The most effective peptide, C16-KGGK, was formulated with biodegradable polymers: poly (lactic acid co castor oil) (DLLA) and a ricinoleic acid-based poly (ester-anhydride) (P(SA-RA)).
  • Antibacterial activity of the peptide-polymer conjugates (biohybrid mediums) against E. faecalis in suspension and biofilms was evaluated.

Main Results:

  • C16-KGGK demonstrated the highest antimicrobial activity among the tested AMPs against E. faecalis.
  • Formulations of C16-KGGK with DLLA and P(SA-RA) polymers exhibited potent and improved antibacterial effects.
  • The biohybrid mediums were effective against both planktonic and biofilm-associated E. faecalis.

Conclusions:

  • C16-KGGK is a highly effective antimicrobial peptide against E. faecalis.
  • Peptide-polymer biohybrid formulations represent a promising strategy for developing advanced topical antimicrobials.
  • These novel formulations show significant potential for combating E. faecalis infections, particularly in challenging environments.