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[DRESS syndrome].

A Rabenkogo1, M G Vigue1, E Jeziorski1

  • 1Service de maladies infectieuses pédiatriques, CHU de Montpellier Arnaud-De-Villeneuve, 371, avenue Doyen-Gaston-Giraud, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France.

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|October 6, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a severe drug reaction. This case highlights a DRESS syndrome in a child, potentially triggered by penicillin-class antibiotics, emphasizing prompt diagnosis and management.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) is a severe, idiosyncratic drug reaction.
  • It is characterized by rash, fever, eosinophilia, and internal organ involvement.

Observation:

  • A 9-year-old girl presented with cervical/mediastinal adenopathy, fever, and malaise, initially diagnosed as a Staphylococcus aureus abscess.
  • Following antibiotic treatment, she developed fever, rash, hepatic cytolysis, and hypereosinophilia, indicative of DRESS syndrome.

Findings:

  • Skin biopsy confirmed DRESS syndrome.
  • Patch testing revealed penicillin hypersensitivity, implicating amoxicillin-clavulanic acid or oxacillin as potential triggers.
  • The patient recovered after discontinuing suspected medications and receiving symptomatic treatment.

Implications:

  • DRESS syndrome requires high clinical suspicion, especially in pediatric patients with unexplained fever and rash post-drug administration.
  • Early diagnosis and identification of the causative agent are crucial for favorable outcomes.
  • Differential diagnosis should include other severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome.