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Fibronectin in multiple sclerosis lesions.

R A Sobel1, M E Mitchell

  • 1Immunopathology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114.

The American Journal of Pathology
|July 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Fibronectin accumulates in active multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions, particularly in blood vessel walls. This protein may play a role in the inflammatory and repair processes within the central nervous system (CNS) during MS.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS).
  • The role of extracellular matrix proteins like fibronectin in MS pathogenesis is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and localization of fibronectin and related molecules in MS lesions.
  • To explore the potential functions of fibronectin in the inflammatory processes of MS.

Main Methods:

  • Immunoperoxidase staining of cryostat sections from CNS tissues of MS patients and controls.
  • Antibodies used targeted fibronectin, macrophage fibronectin receptor, fibrin/fibrinogen, and albumin.
  • Quantification of fibronectin in relation to Factor VIII+ vessels in active MS plaques.

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Main Results:

  • Increased vessel fibronectin in active MS plaques compared to inactive plaques and normal white matter.
  • Fibronectin localized to vessel walls, correlating with inflammation severity.
  • Extracellular fibronectin and fibrin/ogen found in active plaques and necrotic lesions.
  • Macrophages identified as expressing fibronectin and its receptor.
  • Albumin showed wider distribution than fibronectin in lesions.

Conclusions:

  • Fibronectin deposition in MS lesions may involve endothelial cells and macrophages, not just extravasation.
  • Fibronectin may contribute to monocyte adhesion, mononuclear cell migration, and myelin phagocytosis in MS.
  • These findings highlight fibronectin's potential role in MS immunopathology and repair mechanisms.