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Self-sampling experiences among non-attendees to cervical screening.

Anni Virtanen1, Pekka Nieminen2, Meri Niironen1

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Summary

Offering HPV self-sampling to women who don't attend cervical screening can improve attendance. Most women had positive experiences, though some immigrants reported difficulties, highlighting the need for accessible screening options.

Keywords:
AcceptabilityCervical screeningHPVNon-attendanceSelf-sampling

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • High coverage and attendance are crucial for effective cervical cancer screening programs.
  • Non-attendance remains a significant barrier to achieving optimal screening rates.
  • Human Papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling offers a potential strategy to increase participation among non-attendees.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate women's perceptions and experiences (acceptability) of HPV self-sampling.
  • To identify barriers to routine cervical screening attendance.
  • To optimize attendance strategies for cervical cancer prevention.

Main Methods:

  • A questionnaire study was embedded within a trial of HPV self-sampling for non-attendees in Finnish municipalities (2011-2012).
  • The study surveyed women's experiences with the self-sampling method and reasons for non-attendance in routine screening.
  • Data were collected from 4688 women, with a high response rate (98.8%) among self-sampling participants.

Main Results:

  • Most women reported positive experiences with HPV self-sampling.
  • Negative experiences, such as pain or anxiety, were rare but more frequent among immigrant women.
  • The primary reasons for non-attendance were recent opportunistic screening, practical issues (42%), and emotional/attitudinal barriers (17%).

Conclusions:

  • Offering HPV self-sampling can overcome practical and emotional barriers to traditional cervical screening.
  • Addressing practical screening aspects and providing self-sampling options can improve attendance.
  • Further research is needed on non-attendees who decline self-sampling to ensure equitable screening coverage.