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Using a Pan-Viral Microarray Assay Virochip to Screen Clinical Samples for Viral Pathogens
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Avian oncogenic virus differential diagnosis in chickens using oligonucleotide microarray.

Lih-Chiann Wang1, Dean Huang1, Chang-En Pu2

  • 1School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.

Journal of Virological Methods
|October 7, 2014
PubMed
Summary

A new oligonucleotide microarray can rapidly differentiate avian oncogenic viruses like ALV, REV, and MDV. This high-sensitivity assay aids in diagnosing multiple viral infections in poultry under field conditions.

Keywords:
Avian leukosis virusAvian oncogenic virusesMarek's disease virusOligonucleotide microarrayReticuloendotheliosis virus

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Avian Pathology

Background:

  • Avian oncogenic viruses, including avian leukosis virus (ALV), reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV), and Marek's disease virus (MDV), cause overlapping lesions, complicating histopathological diagnosis.
  • Co-infections with multiple oncogenic viruses are common, and even vaccines can be contaminated, necessitating accurate diagnostic methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a rapid, simultaneous method for differentiating, subgrouping, and pathotyping avian oncogenic viruses.
  • To establish a sensitive and specific diagnostic tool for field application.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an oligonucleotide microarray with 10 designed probes for specific DNA sequence hybridization.
  • Employed colorimetric development via enzyme reaction for visual detection.
  • Assessed detection limit and compared it with multiplex PCR.

Main Results:

  • The microarray clearly discriminated between ALV subgroups (A, E, J), REV, and MDV (pathogenic and vaccine strains) with the naked eye.
  • Achieved a detection limit of 27 copy numbers, significantly lower than multiplex PCR.
  • Screened 102 field samples, identifying various single and multiple infections with ALV, REV, and MDV.

Conclusions:

  • The oligonucleotide microarray is a user-friendly, highly specific, and sensitive assay for rapid differential diagnosis of avian oncogenic viruses.
  • Presents a potent technique for detecting multiple avian oncogenic viral infections under field conditions.