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Related Concept Videos

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

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A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
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Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

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A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
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Brain Abscess l: Introduction01:26

Brain Abscess l: Introduction

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A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial...
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Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

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Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
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Stroke: Introduction and Types01:29

Stroke: Introduction and Types

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A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...
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Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

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Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model
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M5 segment aneurysm presenting as "pure acute SDH".

Navneet Singla1, Manjul Tripathi1, Rajesh Chhabra1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab and Haryana, India.

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice
|October 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Spontaneous pure acute subdural hematoma (SDH) is rare. This case highlights a pregnant patient with SDH from a ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm, emphasizing careful evaluation of non-traumatic SDH in emergency settings.

Keywords:
Acute subdural hematomaaneurysmsubarachnoid hemorrhage

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Spontaneous pure acute subdural hematoma (SDH) is an uncommon neurological emergency.
  • Ruptured aneurysms are a known cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), but rarely present as isolated SDH.

Observation:

  • A pregnant patient presented with spontaneous acute SDH without evidence of SAH.
  • The SDH was attributed to the rupture of a distal (M5 segment) middle cerebral artery aneurysm.

Findings:

  • This case represents a rare instance of spontaneous pure acute SDH caused by an unruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm.
  • Diagnostic challenges arise in differentiating SDH etiology, particularly in non-traumatic presentations.

Implications:

  • Clinicians, especially trainees, must maintain a high index of suspicion for aneurysmal rupture in spontaneous acute SDH, even without preceding head trauma.
  • Prompt and thorough neuroimaging is crucial for accurate diagnosis and timely management of such rare conditions.