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Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Development of a Preclinical Inhalation Model to Test Vaporized Cannabis Distillates
Published on: May 30, 2025
Patterns of substance use, delinquency, and risk factors among adolescent inhalant users
Brandon Nakawaki1, William Crano
1Claremont Graduate University, Department of Psychology, Claremont , Califonia , USA.
Background:
Despite insidious effects, use of inhalant substances by adolescents remains an understudied phenomenon.
Objective:
This research was designed to identify patterns of past year substance use and delinquency among adolescent inhalant users.
Method:
The study used a sample of adolescent inhalant users (ages ranged from 12-17 years, n = 7,476) taken from a pooled sample of the 2002 through 2012 National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Three-step latent class analyses were conducted with past year substance use and delinquency behaviors as class indicators. Demographic and social covariates were included in the analyses.
Results:
Analyses yielded a six-class solution comprised of classes of users characterized by low substance use/low delinquency, high substance use/low delinquency, low substance use/fighting, cigarettes/alcohol/marijuana, high substance use/high delinquency, and cigarettes/alcohol/ marijuana/opioids/moderate delinquency.
Conclusions:
Findings provide insight into the taxonomy of adolescent inhalant user heterogeneity, and may inform future efforts at detection and prevention of inhalant use by suggesting warning signs of co-occurring externalizing behaviors and possible indications of underlying internalized issues.
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