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Can whole grain help in weight management?
Frank Thielecke1, Satya S Jonnalagadda
1*Cereal Partners Worldwide S.A. †Nestlé Research Centre, Nestec Ltd, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, Lausanne, Switzerland ‡General Mills Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, Golden Valley, MN §Kerry Ingredients & Flavours, Beloit, WI.
Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology
|October 8, 2014
Summary
Higher whole grain intake is linked to better weight management, according to observational studies. However, intervention studies show mixed results, indicating more research is needed for definitive conclusions on whole grains and weight loss.
Area of Science:
- Nutrition Science
- Public Health
- Dietary Research
Background:
- Epidemiological studies suggest whole grain consumption improves body weight measures.
- Evidence from randomized controlled trials on whole grains and weight management is inconsistent.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review scientific evidence on the effects of whole grains on weight management.
- To assess the relationship between whole grain intake and body weight regulation.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive systematic review was conducted.
- Searches of Medline and Scopus databases (1980-2013) used Medical Subject Headings (MeSH).
- Abstracts were independently screened by two researchers based on selection criteria.
Main Results:
- Observational data consistently link higher whole grain intake to lower body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and reduced weight gain.
- Intervention study evidence is limited and less consistent, failing to demonstrate significant weight loss independent of calorie restriction.
- Inconsistencies in intervention studies may stem from variations in duration, whole grain types/amounts, and study populations.
Conclusions:
- Further epidemiological and intervention studies are required to clarify the role of whole grains in weight management.
- Future research should establish consistent definitions for whole grain foods and consumed quantities.
- Studies investigating the effects of single grains in dietary contexts are recommended.
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