Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

3.1K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
3.1K
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

7.4K
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
7.4K
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

12.3K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
12.3K
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

12
Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect...
12
Acute Inflammation II: Local and Systemic Effects01:25

Acute Inflammation II: Local and Systemic Effects

13
Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
13
Acute Inflammation I: Cellular Phase01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Cellular Phase

8
The cellular phase of acute inflammation is a tightly orchestrated sequence of events that recruits leukocytes, primarily neutrophils, to sites of tissue injury or infection. Following the initial vascular changes, this phase ensures effective immune cell migration, activation, and function at the affected site to eliminate pathogens and initiate tissue repair.Leukocyte Recruitment CascadeLeukocyte recruitment happens in four steps: margination, adhesion, transmigration, and chemotaxis. Reduced...
8

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Intraocular inflammation in transgenic mice expressing a foreign antigen in their lens a preliminary report.

Ocular immunology and inflammationยท2012
Same author

A suppressive oligodeoxynucleotide inhibits ocular inflammation.

Clinical and experimental immunologyยท2009
Same author

Induction of suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) in the retina during experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU): potential neuroprotective role of SOCS proteins.

Journal of neuroimmunologyยท2005
Same author

A novel inflammatory eye disease induced by lymphocytes from knockout mice sensitized against the deleted ocular antigen.

Clinical and experimental immunologyยท2003
Same author

Immune response to retinal antigens in patients with gyrate atrophy and other hereditary retinal dystrophies.

Ocular immunology and inflammationยท2001
Same author

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) exacerbates endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in mice.

Current eye researchยท2001

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Activation and Measurement of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Using IL-1β in Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells
09:04

Activation and Measurement of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Using IL-1β in Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells

Published on: May 22, 2014

19.4K

Interleukin 1 is more than an interleukin.

J J Oppenheim, I Gery

    Immunology Today
    |October 8, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Lymphocyte activating factor (LAF), now known as interleukin 1 (IL 1), was first described in 1972. This macrophage-derived factor influences lymphocyte differentiation and functions, impacting various cell types.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Lymphocyte activating factor (LAF) was identified in 1972 as a product of human peripheral blood adherent leukocytes.
    • LAF exhibited mitogenic activity on murine thymocytes and synergistically enhanced lectin-induced lymphocyte proliferation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the historical discovery and evolving understanding of LAF.
    • To highlight the renaming of LAF to interleukin 1 (IL 1) and its broad biological significance.

    Main Methods:

    • Historical review of early research on LAF.
    • Discussion of findings from the Second International Lymphokine Workshop in 1979.

    Main Results:

    • LAF was found to be directly mitogenic for thymocytes and to augment responses of other lymphocytes.

    More Related Videos

    Accurate and Simple Measurement of the Pro-inflammatory Cytokine IL-1β using a Whole Blood Stimulation Assay
    06:29

    Accurate and Simple Measurement of the Pro-inflammatory Cytokine IL-1β using a Whole Blood Stimulation Assay

    Published on: March 1, 2011

    25.4K
    Visualization of IL-22-expressing Lymphocytes Using Reporter Mice
    10:30

    Visualization of IL-22-expressing Lymphocytes Using Reporter Mice

    Published on: January 25, 2017

    8.4K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 22, 2026

    Activation and Measurement of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Using IL-1β in Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells
    09:04

    Activation and Measurement of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Using IL-1β in Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells

    Published on: May 22, 2014

    19.4K
    Accurate and Simple Measurement of the Pro-inflammatory Cytokine IL-1β using a Whole Blood Stimulation Assay
    06:29

    Accurate and Simple Measurement of the Pro-inflammatory Cytokine IL-1β using a Whole Blood Stimulation Assay

    Published on: March 1, 2011

    25.4K
    Visualization of IL-22-expressing Lymphocytes Using Reporter Mice
    10:30

    Visualization of IL-22-expressing Lymphocytes Using Reporter Mice

    Published on: January 25, 2017

    8.4K
  • IL 1 demonstrates diverse biological activities beyond intercellular communication.

    • Conclusions:

    • Interleukin 1 (IL 1) is a crucial immunomodulatory cytokine with widespread effects.
    • The scope of IL 1's functions extends to non-lymphoid cells, challenging its initial classification.