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Related Concept Videos

Cell Diversity01:13

Cell Diversity

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The concept of a cell started with microscopic observations of dead cork tissue by Robert Hooke in 1665. Hooke coined the term "cell" based on the resemblance of the small subdivisions in the cork to the rooms that monks inhabited, called cells. About ten years later, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek became the first person to observe the living and moving cells under a microscope. In the century that followed, the theory that cells represented the basic unit of life developed.
Multicellular...
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Exocrine Glands: Unicellular and Multicellular Glands01:29

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Exocrine glands are classified as unicellular and multicellular. The unicellular glands are scattered single cells, such as goblet cells, found in the mucous membranes of the small and large intestines. On the other hand, multicellular exocrine glands develop as secretory sheets, like the internal lining of the abdomen or chest. Such secretory sheets release their secretions directly into the lumen of these organs. In addition, some multicellular glands have deep-seated secretory units to...
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Tissues01:18

Tissues

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Cells with similar structure and function are grouped into tissues. A group of tissues with a specialized function is called an organ. There are four main types of tissue in vertebrates: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
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Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Glandular Epithelium01:20

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The glandular epithelium is made of one or more epithelial cells modified to synthesize and secrete chemical substances. Glandular epithelia can be classified based on cell number. Unicellular glands have individual secretory cells scattered across the epithelial monolayer. In contrast, multicellular glands consist of a hollow tubular duct attached to the cluster of secretory cells located in the deep pockets.
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Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of cell layers formed. Cell shapes can be squamous (flattened and thin), cuboidal (square-like, as wide as it is tall), or columnar (rectangular, taller than it is wide). Additionally, the nucleus shape helps identify the type of epithelial cells. Squamous cells have flattened disc-shaped nuclei, cuboidal cells have spherical nuclei, and columnar cells have elongated nuclei.
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Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

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The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Visualizing Multiciliated Cells in the Zebrafish Through a Combined Protocol of Whole Mount Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization and Immunofluorescence
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Visualizing Multiciliated Cells in the Zebrafish Through a Combined Protocol of Whole Mount Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization and Immunofluorescence

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Multiciliated cells.

Eric R Brooks1, John B Wallingford2

  • 1Department of Molecular Biosciences and the Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, the University of Texas at Austin, Patterson Labs, 2401 Speedway, Austin, TX 78712, USA.

Current Biology : CB
|October 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiciliated cells, vital for fluid transport, are poorly understood. This review details their development, differentiation, and function in vertebrates, highlighting links to human diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Cilia are essential microtubule-based cell structures with diverse functions.
  • Defects in cilia are linked to various human diseases.
  • Multiciliated cells possess numerous motile cilia crucial for directed fluid flow.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the phylogeny and physiology of multiciliation.
  • To detail the developmental and cellular mechanisms of multiciliated cell specification and differentiation in vertebrates.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on multiciliated cells.

Main Results:

  • Multiciliated cells are specialized post-mitotic cells with synchronized, polarized cilia.
  • Their dysfunction is associated with diseases of the brain, airway, and reproductive tracts.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding multiciliated cell development and function is crucial due to their role in health and disease.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms governing these cells.