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Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Comparative in vivo Study of gp96 Adjuvanticity in the Frog Xenopus laevis
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Changes in the immune system during metamorphosis of Xenopus

M F Flajnik, E Hsu, J F Kaufman

    Immunology Today
    |October 8, 2014
    PubMed

    Profound immunological changes occur as tadpoles metamorphose into adult amphibians. These include the expression of a different antibody repertoire, a lessening of skin graft tolerance, the appearance on leukocytes of class I MHC antigens. Here Martin Flajnik and his colleagues review what is known of these changes in Xenopus and speculate on how they may occur.

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