Inhibitory and stimulating effect of single and multi-metal ions on hexavalent chromium reduction by Acinetobacter...

Potential application of chromium reducing bacteria for industrial scale wastewater treatment demands that effect of presence of other metal ions on rate of Cr(VI) reduction be investigated, as industrial wastewaters contain many toxic metal ions. In the current study, the effect of different heavy metal ions (nickel, zinc, cadmium, copper, lead, iron) on chromium reduction by a novel strain of Acinetobacter sp. Cr-B2 that shows high tolerance up to 1,100 mg/L and high Cr(VI) reducing capacity was investigated. The alteration in Cr(VI) reduction capacity of Cr-B2 was studied both in presence of individual metal ions and in the presence of multi-metal ions at different concentrations. The study showed that the Cr(VI) reduction rates decreased in presence of Ni(2+), Zn(2+) and Cd(2+) when present individually. Pb(2+) at lower concentration did not show significant effect while Cu(2+) and Fe(3+) stimulated the rate of Cr(VI) reduction. In the studies on multi-metal ions, it was observed that in presence of Cu(2+) and Fe(3+), the inhibiting effect of Ni(2+), Zn(2+), Cd(2+) and Pb(2+) on Cr(VI) reduction was reduced. Each of these metals affect the overall rate of Cr(VI) reduction by Cr-B2. This work highlights the need to consider the presence of other heavy metal ions in wastewater when assessing the bioreduction of Cr(VI) and while designing the bioreactors for the purpose, as rate of reduction is altered by their presence.