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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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The Functions of the Skeletal System01:22

The Functions of the Skeletal System

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The most apparent functions of the skeletal system are support, protection, and movement. However, bone tissue also performs several other critical metabolic functions. For one, the bone matrix acts as a reservoir for a number of minerals important to the functioning of the body, especially calcium and phosphorus. These minerals, present in the bone tissue, can be released back into the bloodstream when required. Calcium ions, for example, are essential for muscle contractions and controlling...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

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Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders
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A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders

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[Autoinflammatory bone disorders in childhood].

Agnes Ziobrowska Bech1, Troels Herlin

  • 1Børneafdelingen, Aarhus Universitetshospital, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, 8200 Aarhus N.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|October 9, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is a painful autoinflammatory bone disease. This review covers CNO, chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO), SAPHO syndrome, and emerging hereditary conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) presents as unpredictable, painful osteolytic bone lesions.
  • CNO often co-occurs with psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) describes multifocal CNO, and SAPHO syndrome is its adult manifestation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on CNO, CRMO, and SAPHO syndrome.
  • To highlight recent discoveries in hereditary forms of these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of CNO, CRMO, SAPHO syndrome, and related genetic disorders.
  • Synthesis of information on clinical presentation, associations, and genetic underpinnings.

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Main Results:

  • CNO is characterized by recurrent bone inflammation and osteolysis.
  • Associations with autoinflammatory and autoimmune conditions are common.
  • Hereditary syndromes like Majeed syndrome and IL-1 receptor antagonist deficiency are increasingly recognized.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the spectrum from CNO to CRMO and SAPHO syndrome is crucial for diagnosis.
  • Recognition of genetic predispositions is vital for comprehensive patient management.
  • Further research into autoinflammatory bone diseases and their genetic basis is warranted.