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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...

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Single Oocyte Bisulfite Mutagenesis

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Imprinting methylation errors in ART.

Hitoshi Hiura¹, Hiroaki Okae¹, Hatsune Chiba¹

¹Department of Informative Genetics, Environment and Genome Research Center, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan.

Reproductive Medicine and Biology

|October 10, 2014

Summary

Assisted reproductive technology (ART) may increase the risk of rare imprinting disorders due to epigenetic changes. Further research is needed to understand ART

Keywords:

Assisted reproductive technologies (ART)DNA methylation Genomic imprinting In vitro fertilization (IVF)Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

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Area of Science:

Reproductive Medicine
Epigenetics
Developmental Biology

Background:

Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is a vital treatment for infertility.
Increased incidence of rare imprinting disorders has been reported in children conceived via ART.
ART procedures may induce epigenetic errors at imprinted loci.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the association between ART and imprinting disorders.
To explain the causes and pathogenesis of imprinting disorders.
To identify ART-related risk factors for imprinting errors.

Main Methods:

Literature review on imprinting disorders and ART.
Analysis of epigenetic changes in ART-conceived infants.
Epidemiological study of imprinting disorders in Japan.

Main Results:

ART procedures may introduce methylation errors during gametogenesis, fertilization, and early embryonic development.
A Japanese nationwide study identified associations between imprinting disorders and ART.
Specific ART techniques may predispose embryos to imprinting errors.

Conclusions:

Epigenetic studies are crucial for understanding ART-related imprinting errors.
Identifying risk factors and preventive measures for imprinting disorders is essential.
Ensuring the safest and most ethical ART practices is vital for future development.