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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

74
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
74
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

17
Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion...
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Community-based hepatitis B screening: what works?

Monica C Robotin1, Jacob George2

  • 1Cancer Council NSW and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia.

Hepatology International
|October 10, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Community-based screening programs effectively identify individuals with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Successful interventions link people to care and antiviral treatment, offering hope for preventing liver cancer globally.

Keywords:
Cancer screening and preventionChronic hepatitis BCommunity-based screeningHepatocellular cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Public Health
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) affects over 350 million globally, leading to liver failure and hepatocellular cancer (HCC).
  • Hepatitis B-related HCC is rising, necessitating effective screening and care linkage.
  • Opportunistic screening is insufficient for population-level impact; targeted community-based interventions are crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review community-based CHB screening programs over the past 30 years.
  • To identify common features of successful CHB screening interventions.
  • To assess the potential for community-based programs to achieve population-level outcomes in HCC prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of English-language literature on CHB screening programs.
  • Analysis of program experiences from Taiwan, USA, The Netherlands, New Zealand, and Australia.
  • Identification of common success factors across diverse program settings.

Main Results:

  • Successful programs demonstrated variability in design but shared key features.
  • Effective community engagement, incorporating cultural values, was vital.
  • Low-cost or free access to care, including antiviral treatment, was a common element.

Conclusions:

  • Community-based CHB screening interventions are feasible and effective in identifying large numbers of individuals.
  • Successful large-scale initiatives exist in the USA, Asia-Pacific, and Europe.
  • Scaling up these interventions can lead to population-level outcomes in liver cancer prevention.