Marchiafava-Bignami disease with hyperintensity on late diffusion-weighted imaging

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Radiology
• Toxicology

Background:

• Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is a rare, severe neurological disorder.
• It is primarily associated with chronic, heavy alcohol consumption.
• MBD affects the corpus callosum and surrounding white matter.

Observation:

• A 69-year-old male with a history of chronic alcohol use presented with gait disturbance, decreased activity, and stupor.
• Head MRI revealed characteristic white matter hyperintensities in the corpus callosum and frontal lobes.
• Lesions were further visualized with diffusion-weighted imaging.

Findings:

• The patient was diagnosed with Marchiafava-Bignami disease based on clinical and radiological findings.
• Treatment involved alcohol cessation and vitamin administration.
• The patient showed gradual clinical improvement.

Implications:

• This case highlights the diverse clinical and radiological presentations of MBD.
• It underscores the importance of alcohol abstinence and supportive care in MBD management.
• Further research into MBD treatment strategies is warranted.