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Related Concept Videos

Management of Insomnia01:19

Management of Insomnia

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The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
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Insomnia01:27

Insomnia

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Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, and waking up too early without being able to return to sleep. People with insomnia often experience these disruptions at least three nights a week for at least one month. Chronic insomnia, which lasts for at least three months, can lead to increased anxiety, which in turn can worsen sleep difficulties, creating a cycle of sleeplessness and stress.
Multiple factors contribute...
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Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents01:17

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

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Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
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Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

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Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
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Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

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Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
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Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking01:17

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Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
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Nonpharmacologic approach to sleep disorders.

J Keith Mansel1, Elise C Carey

  • 1From the College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Cancer Journal (Sudbury, Mass.)
|October 10, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Sleep disturbances are prevalent in cancer patients, often linked to pain and depression. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is the primary non-drug treatment for insomnia in oncology care.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Sleep disturbances, including insomnia, are frequent in cancer patients throughout their illness and post-treatment.
  • Insomnia in cancer patients often co-occurs with other symptoms like pain, fatigue, and depression, and may be influenced by medication.
  • Screening for sleep disturbances is a crucial component of comprehensive oncologic patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence and management of sleep disturbances in cancer patients.
  • To highlight cognitive-behavioral therapy as the gold standard for non-pharmacologic insomnia treatment in this population.
  • To discuss the evidence for adjunctive therapies such as exercise and complementary medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on sleep disturbances in cancer patients.

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  • Analysis of non-pharmacologic treatment modalities for insomnia.
  • Evaluation of the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and other interventions.

    • Main Results:

    • Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is identified as the criterion standard for non-pharmacologic treatment of insomnia in cancer patients.
    • CBT is a multimodal approach incorporating sleep hygiene, education, stimulus control, sleep restriction, and relaxation techniques.
    • Evidence for the efficacy of exercise and complementary/integrative medicine for sleep disturbances in cancer patients is variable, with no firm recommendations currently established.

    Conclusions:

    • Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is the recommended primary non-pharmacologic intervention for insomnia in cancer patients.
    • Further research is needed to establish definitive recommendations for exercise and complementary/integrative medicine in managing sleep disturbances in oncology.
    • Integrated care approaches addressing sleep disturbances are essential for improving the quality of life for cancer patients.