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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

Diabetic Neuropathy

16
DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
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Diabetic Foot Ulcer01:31

Diabetic Foot Ulcer

5
Definition A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic, non-healing wound that develops in individuals with diabetes. It typically occurs on pressure-bearing areas such as the heel, metatarsal heads, or hallux, and carries a high risk of infection and amputation.Pathophysiology • The development of DFUs can be explained by four interconnected mechanisms: neuropathy, ischemia, infection, and impaired wound healing. • Neuropathy is the most common factor. Sensory...
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Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers01:24

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

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Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...
1.7K
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
748
Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

4
Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration...
4
Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

676
 The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Establishing a Mouse Model of a Pure Small Fiber Neuropathy with the Ultrapotent Agonist of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1
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Establishing a Mouse Model of a Pure Small Fiber Neuropathy with the Ultrapotent Agonist of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1

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Small fiber neuropathies.

Christopher H Gibbons

    Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.)
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    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Small fiber neuropathies are diverse disorders with varied symptoms. New causes are continually identified, reducing the number of idiopathic cases and improving diagnosis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Clinical Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) involves damage to small nerve fibers, leading to sensory and autonomic symptoms.
    • Diagnosis and management of SFN are complex due to its heterogeneous nature.

    Observation:

    • Recent literature reveals new causes of SFN, including treatment-induced neuropathy in diabetes mellitus.
    • Novel sodium channel mutations are identified in idiopathic SFN, potentially impacting future treatments.
    • Antibodies against voltage-gated potassium channels are linked to increased pain in SFN.
    • The association between glucose dysregulation, metabolic syndrome, and neuropathy is increasingly recognized.
    • Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome is a newly postulated associated disorder.

    Findings:

    • Updates in SFN literature highlight iatrogenic causes, genetic mutations, and autoimmune associations.
    • The link between metabolic health and SFN is strengthening, with growing evidence for glucose dysregulation and metabolic syndrome.
    • Emerging research suggests novel associations, expanding the differential diagnosis for SFN.

    Implications:

    • These findings contribute to a better understanding of SFN's diverse etiologies.
    • Identifying new causes reduces the proportion of idiopathic SFN cases, aiding targeted therapies.
    • Advances in understanding SFN may lead to improved diagnostic strategies and patient management.