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Brazilian multicentre study on preterm birth (EMIP): prevalence and factors associated with spontaneous preterm birth

Renato Passini1, Jose G Cecatti2, Giuliane J Lajos1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.

Plos One
|October 10, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Preterm birth is a growing global concern. This study found a high prevalence in Brazil, with spontaneous preterm births being the most common, highlighting the need to understand associated risk factors.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Perinatology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The global incidence of preterm birth is rising, posing a significant public health challenge.
  • Understanding regional variations and risk factors is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of preterm birth in Brazilian health facilities.
  • To identify key risk factors associated with spontaneous preterm births.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter cross-sectional study involving 20 referral obstetric hospitals.
  • Case-control analysis comparing spontaneous preterm births with term births.
  • Data collection via questionnaires and medical records up to 60 days post-delivery.

Main Results:

  • Overall preterm birth prevalence was 12.3%, with 64.6% being spontaneous.
  • Identified risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth include previous preterm birth, multiple pregnancy, cervical insufficiency, fetal malformation, polyhydramnios, vaginal bleeding, and prior abortion.
  • High BMI and gestational weight gain were found to be protective.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a high preterm birth rate in the studied Brazilian facilities, with spontaneous births predominating.
  • Identifying and addressing risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth is essential for reducing its increasing incidence.
Abstract

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