Congenital bilobed gallbladder with phrygian cap presenting as calculus cholecystitis

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Medical Imaging
• Congenital Abnormalities

Background:

• Congenital bilobed gallbladder occurs in 1 in 3000-4000 individuals.
• Phrygian cap, a common gallbladder anomaly, has an incidence of 4%.
• Gallstone disease prevalence in India ranges from 2% to 29%.

Observation:

• A rare case presented a bilobed gallbladder with a Phrygian cap in both lobes.
• Pigment gallstones were found in one of the gallbladder lobes.
• The patient presented with symptoms of calculus cholecystitis.

Findings:

• Diagnosis of Phrygian cap is best achieved with cholescintigraphy and multi-phase MRI.
• Ultrasound and CT scans may not be conclusive for diagnosing gallbladder anomalies.
• This combined anomaly is exceptionally rare, complicating preoperative diagnosis.

Implications:

• Accurate preoperative diagnosis of rare gallbladder malformations is crucial for effective surgical planning.
• Increased awareness of combined congenital gallbladder anomalies can improve patient outcomes.
• Further research into the diagnostic imaging of complex gallbladder variations is warranted.