Extracts from Vatica diospyroides type SS fruit show low dose activity against MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cell-line via
Theera Srisawat1, Yaowapa Sukpondma2, Siriphon Chimplee3
1Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, Surat Thani 84000, Thailand.
Abstract:
Very strong antiproliferative action of V. diospyroides type SS fruit extracts (IC50 range of 1.60-17.45 µg/mL) in MDA-MB-468 cell-line was observed in an MTT assay. After dosing of an extract concentration at half IC50 to cell line for 24 to 72 hours, treated cells were subjected to Annexin V-FITC/PI binding assay, followed by FACS and western blot analyses. Significant apoptotic death was observed with all extract treatments and both exposure times. Dosing with acetone extract of pericarp and cotyledon induced the highest apoptotic populations (33 and 32%, resp.), with the lowest populations of viable cells (65 and 67%, resp.). During 24 to 72 hours of dosing with methanolic extract of pericarp, the populations of viable and early apoptotic cells decreased significantly from 72.40 to 71.32% and from 12.00 to 6.36%, respectively, while the late apoptotic and nonviable cell populations continuously increased from 15.30 to 19.18% and from 0.30 to 3.14%, respectively. The expression of Bax increased within 12-48 hours of dosing, confirming apoptosis induced by time-dependent responses. The mutant p53 of MDA-MB-468 cells was expressed. Our results indicate that apoptosis and time-dependent therapeutic actions contribute to the cytotoxic effects of V. diospyroides type SS fruit on MDA-MB-468 cell.
Insights
V. diospyroides fruit extracts show strong antiproliferative effects against MDA-MB-468 cells. These extracts induce significant apoptosis, a programmed cell death, in a time-dependent manner, suggesting therapeutic potential.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Cell Biology
- Natural Products Chemistry
Background:
- The MDA-MB-468 cell line is a triple-negative breast cancer model.
- Natural products are a source of novel therapeutic agents.
- Understanding cytotoxic mechanisms is crucial for drug development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of V. diospyroides fruit extracts on MDA-MB-468 cells.
- To investigate the time-dependent cytotoxic mechanisms induced by the extracts.
Main Methods:
- MTT assay for antiproliferative activity.
- Annexin V-FITC/PI binding assay with flow cytometry (FACS).
- Western blot analysis for apoptosis-related protein expression (Bax).
Main Results:
- V. diospyroides extracts exhibited strong antiproliferative action (IC50 range: 1.60-17.45 µg/mL).
- Significant induction of apoptotic cell death was observed across various extracts and exposure times.
- Acetone and methanolic extracts demonstrated potent apoptosis induction, with increased Bax expression and altered cell viability over time.
Conclusions:
- V. diospyroides type SS fruit extracts possess significant cytotoxic effects on MDA-MB-468 cells.
- Apoptosis and time-dependent responses are key mechanisms underlying the observed cytotoxicity.
- These findings highlight the potential of V. diospyroides as a source for anti-cancer drug discovery.
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