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Proactive enteral nutrition in moderately preterm small for gestational age infants: a randomized clinical trial

Enrico Zecca1, Simonetta Costa1, Giovanni Barone1

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|October 12, 2014
PubMed

Insights

A proactive feeding regimen (PFR) for preterm infants small for gestational age (SGA) significantly reduced hospital stays and hypoglycemia. This feeding approach was well-tolerated and beneficial for moderately preterm SGA infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Infants who are small for gestational age (SGA) and born moderately preterm face unique nutritional challenges.
  • Optimizing feeding strategies is crucial for improving outcomes in this vulnerable population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a proactive feeding regimen (PFR) in decreasing hospital length of stay for moderately preterm SGA infants.
  • To assess the tolerance and impact of PFR on key neonatal health indicators.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 72 moderately preterm SGA infants (gestational age 32-36 weeks).
  • Infants were assigned to either a PFR (starting at 100 mL/kg/day, increasing to 200 mL/kg/day by day 4) or a standard feeding regimen.
  • All infants received human milk exclusively.

Main Results:

  • The PFR group experienced a significantly shorter hospital length of stay (9.8 days vs. 11.9 days).
  • Incidence of hypoglycemia and need for intravenous fluids were significantly lower in the PFR group.
  • No significant differences were observed in feeding intolerance or fecal calprotectin levels.

Conclusions:

  • A proactive feeding regimen is well-tolerated in moderately preterm SGA infants.
  • PFR significantly reduces hospital length of stay and the risk of neonatal hypoglycemia.
  • This feeding strategy offers a promising approach for improving care in this specific infant population.
Abstract

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