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Related Concept Videos

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:17

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview

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Lower respiratory tract disorders present challenges that often require skilled and nuanced approaches for effective management. Common ailments, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have prompted the development of intricate treatment strategies involving bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, each tailored to ease breathing and revitalize the lungs.
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
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Bronchodilators are critical in managing asthma, a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway constriction due to inflammation and hyper-reactivity. Specifically, bronchodilators ease this constriction by relaxing the bronchial muscles, facilitating easier breathing.
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Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers01:19

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Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
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Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics01:23

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Respiratory symptoms, such as congestion and cough, commonly accompany respiratory tract conditions. Various medications, such as antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics, play crucial roles in providing relief.
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Cystic Fibrosis: Management01:24

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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder that predominantly affects individuals of Northern European descent, occurring at a rate of 1 in 3500. It is caused by a genetic mutation in a gene on chromosome 7, most commonly the ΔF508 mutation, that codes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. This results in thicker mucus secretions and obstruction pathologies in multiple organs, including the lungs and sinuses.
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Resource impact of bronchiectasis and associated exacerbations: based on a 5-year prospective observational cohort study (BronchUK).

BMJ open respiratory research·2026
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The CFTR potentiator icenticaftor for treatment of bronchiectasis: an international phase 2, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial.

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A pragmatic, multicentre, placebo-controlled, 3-arm, double-blinded, randomised controlled trial, incorporating an internal pilot, to determine the role of bronchodilators in preventing exacerbations of bronchiectasis.

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P. aeruginosa Infected 3D Co-Culture of Bronchial Epithelial Cells and Macrophages at Air-Liquid Interface for Preclinical Evaluation of Anti-Infectives
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Developing drug therapies in bronchiectasis.

Manjit K Sidhu1, Pallavi Mandal, Adam T Hill

  • 1MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute , 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ , UK.

Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs
|October 14, 2014
PubMed
Summary

New therapies targeting infection and inflammation show promise for bronchiectasis, a chronic respiratory condition. Further Phase III trials are needed to confirm efficacy and optimal treatment timing.

Keywords:
anti-inflammatoryantibioticsbronchiectasismucoactivepharmacotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Bronchiectasis is a chronic airway disease characterized by cough, sputum, and recurrent infections.
  • Etiologies are diverse, with up to 50% of cases being idiopathic.
  • Current management focuses on symptomatic relief and managing exacerbations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on potential therapeutic agents for bronchiectasis.
  • To summarize preclinical and early-phase clinical trials of novel treatments.
  • To identify areas for future research in bronchiectasis therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of the PubMed database.
  • Searched ClinicalTrials.gov for ongoing and upcoming studies.
  • Included studies from preclinical to Phase II clinical trials.

Main Results:

  • Identified promising anti-infective and anti-inflammatory agents.
  • Highlighted therapies targeting mucociliary clearance and airway inflammation.
  • Summarized ongoing research into novel bronchiectasis treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Emerging therapies offer potential for advanced bronchiectasis.
  • Phase III studies are crucial to validate efficacy and optimal treatment timing.
  • Further research is needed to address the 'vicious circle' of bronchiectasis.