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Molecular imaging in alcohol dependence.

Shervin Ravan1, Diana Martinez2, Mark Slifstein2

  • 1Department of Radiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|October 14, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alcohol impacts brain neurotransmitters, with molecular imaging revealing dopamine deficits in alcohol use disorder patients. Further research is needed on the glutamatergic system

Keywords:
CB1GABAPET imagingalcoholdopamineopiate receptorsserotonin

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Imaging
  • Neurochemistry

Background:

  • Alcohol's complex effects on the brain involve multiple neurotransmitter systems.
  • Molecular imaging techniques are crucial for studying alcohol's impact on these systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of alcohol and alcohol use disorders on various brain transmitter systems using molecular imaging.
  • To identify areas for future research, particularly the glutamatergic system.

Main Methods:

  • Review of molecular imaging studies investigating alcohol's effects on neurotransmitter systems.
  • Analysis of findings related to dopaminergic, GABAergic, opiate, serotonin, and cannabinoid systems.

Main Results:

  • Evidence of striatal dopamine D2-mediated transmission deficits in detoxified alcoholics.
  • Observed generalized GABAergic system deficits in chronic abstinence.
  • Suggestive alterations in opiate system subtypes in specific brain regions.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular imaging reveals significant alterations in neurotransmitter systems due to alcohol use.
  • The glutamatergic system warrants further investigation for its role in alcohol intoxication and dependence.