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Brain Imaging Investigation of the Impairing Effect of Emotion on Cognition
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Cognition, emotion, and attention.

Eva M Müller-Oehring1, Tilman Schulte2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Neuroscience Program, Center for Health Sciences, Biosciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|October 14, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alcohol use disorder impairs attention, emotion, and cognition by affecting neural networks. Abstinence may allow for brain recovery and improved functional compensation, aiding treatment and quality of life.

Keywords:
alcohol abuse and alcoholismalertnessattentional selectionbrain networksemotionexecutive controlneuroimagingrewardsalience

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Alcohol abuse and addiction are linked to deficits in attention, emotion, and cognition.
  • Understanding the neural underpinnings of these deficits is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the concepts of attention, emotion, and cognition.
  • To examine the neural networks involved and their compromise in alcohol use disorder.
  • To explore neuroimaging findings in at-risk adolescents and the effects of compromised network connectivity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of research on attention, emotion, and cognition in alcohol use disorder.
  • Analysis of neuroimaging studies, particularly in adolescents with a family history of alcoholism.
  • Examination of research on microstructural and functional network connectivity.

Main Results:

  • Alcohol use disorder compromises interconnected neural networks, impacting executive control, emotion, and reward systems.
  • This compromise impedes cognitive flexibility and behavioral adaptation.
  • Adolescents with a family history of alcoholism may exhibit pre-existing brain differences.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the neural mechanisms of attention, emotion, and cognition is key to developing better treatment strategies.
  • Functional compensation and brain structure recovery with abstinence are important concepts.
  • Improved understanding can enhance therapy adherence, quality of life, and reduce relapse rates.