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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

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Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
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Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

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RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
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Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

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Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Identifying Inhibitors of the HBx-DDB1 Interaction Using a Split Luciferase Assay System
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Complex interactions between microRNAs and hepatitis B/C viruses.

Hong-Xia Fan1, Hua Tang1

  • 1Hong-Xia Fan, Hua Tang, Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.

World Journal of Gastroenterology
|October 14, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs impacting hepatitis B and C virus replication and hepatocellular carcinoma. Their altered expression suggests roles as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in viral infections and liver cancer.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Virology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • miRNAs are implicated in the replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and host-virus interactions.
  • Viral infections alter miRNA expression profiles, contributing to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the deregulation and role of miRNAs in HBV/HCV infection and HCC development.
  • To discuss the mechanisms of miRNA action in virus-related diseases.
  • To explore the potential of miRNAs as diagnostic/prognostic markers and therapeutic agents.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent findings on miRNAs in viral hepatitis and HCC.
  • Analysis of miRNA deregulation in hepatic tissues and circulation during viral infections.
  • Examination of miRNA targeting of cancer-related signaling pathways in HCC.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs are key players in HBV/HCV replication and host-virus interactions.
  • Altered miRNA expression is linked to HCC initiation and progression, acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressors.
  • Distinct miRNA patterns show potential as diagnostic and prognostic markers.

Conclusions:

  • Dysregulated miRNAs are crucial in the pathogenesis of virus-related diseases and HCC.
  • miRNAs hold promise as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis.
  • miRNAs represent potential therapeutic targets and tools for treating viral hepatitis and HCC.