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Characterization of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia survival patterns by age at diagnosis

Md Jobayer Hossain1, Li Xie2, Suzanne M McCahan2

  • 1Nemours Biomedical Research, A. I. duPont Hospital for Children, 1600 Rockland Road, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA ; The Department of Applied Economics and Statistics, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

Journal of Cancer Epidemiology
|October 14, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survival varies significantly by diagnosis age. Survival peaked in children aged 1-4 years and was lowest for infants, highlighting age as a critical prognostic factor.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Cancer Survivorship

Background:

  • Age at diagnosis is a critical prognostic factor in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
  • Existing literature lacks comprehensive assessment of survival variability based on age at diagnosis.
  • Understanding age-related survival differences is crucial for improving pediatric ALL outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of age at diagnosis on pediatric ALL survival.
  • To quantify survival rates and mortality risks across different pediatric age groups.
  • To identify specific age ranges with distinct survivorship patterns in pediatric ALL.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) data from 1973-2009.
  • Estimated incidence rate of mortality and 5-year survival rates.
  • Employed Kaplan-Meier survival function and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models.

Main Results:

  • Significant variability in pediatric ALL survival was observed based on age at diagnosis.
  • Survival rates peaked for children diagnosed between 1-4 years and declined with increasing age.
  • Infants (<1 year) exhibited the lowest survivorship, with older diagnosed groups showing reduced mortality risk compared to infants.

Conclusions:

  • Age at diagnosis is a crucial determinant of survival variability in pediatric ALL.
  • Survival outcomes are significantly influenced by the patient's age at the time of diagnosis.
  • Further research is needed to explore age-dependent biological and environmental factors affecting pediatric ALL survival.

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