[Acute kidney injury by glycerol: antioxidant effect of Vitis vinifera L]

The Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is the most serious complication of rhabdomyolysis. In this syndrome, the delivery of heme pigment induces an injury that distinguishes itself by glomerular vasoconstriction and direct cellular toxicity with oxidative component. The renoprotection with antioxidants has demonstrated satisfactory effect. The proanthocyanidins are natural antioxidants found in the grape seed extract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect of Vitis vinifera (grape seed extract) on the renal function of rats submitted to the injury by rhabdomyolysis.

Wistar rats, male, adults, weight ranging from 250-300g were used. The AKI was induced by intramuscular administration of glycerol 50%. The animals were distributed in 4 groups: Saline group (6 mL/kg of NaCl 0.9% intraperitoneal once a day), Glycerol group (6 mL/kg) of intramuscular glycerol each femoral region received 3 mL/kg of glycerol, once a day), Vitis vinifera group (3 mg/kg/day v.o by 5 days) and Glycerol + Vitis vinifera by 5 days before glycerol).

Renal function (RF-creatinine clearance) and oxidative profile (urinary peroxides-FOX-2 and MDA-TBARS) were evaluted. The Glycerol group treated with Vitis vinifera has shown improvements in RF and reduction levels of lipid peroxidation.

The results of this study have confirmed the antioxidant protection of Vitis vinifera in AKI induced by glycerol.