Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

4.0K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.0K
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

4.6K
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
4.6K
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

1.7K
Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
1.7K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

3.0K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
3.0K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

20.6K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
20.6K
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

19
Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
19

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Dendrite initiation and deflection in biaxially stressed solid electrolytes.

Nature·2026
Same author

The Evolution and Application of Animal-Free Models in Drug Discovery and Disease Mechanism Research.

Mutagenesis·2026
Same author

Using Data-Driven Insights to Explore the Variability in Pupils' Physical Activity Between English Primary Schools.

Journal of physical activity & health·2025
Same author

Effectiveness of a novel intervention (Super Rehab) in overweight patients with atrial fibrillation (SuRe AF): protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

BMJ open·2025
Same author

Analysing longitudinal wearable physical activity data using non-stationary time series models.

The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity·2025
Same author

An old spice with new tricks: Curcumin targets adenoma and colorectal cancer stem-like cells associated with poor survival outcomes.

Cancer letters·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice
08:37

Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice

Published on: April 21, 2015

16.5K

Inflammation and MiR-21 pathways functionally interact to downregulate PDCD4 in colorectal cancer.

Oliver Peacock1, Andrew C Lee1, Fraser Cameron1

  • 1Surgery Group, Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom.

Plos One
|October 14, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Inflammation promotes colorectal cancer (CRC) by increasing Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and microRNA-21 (miR-21), which downregulates the tumor suppressor gene PDCD4. Targeting this pathway may improve CRC treatment outcomes.

More Related Videos

Induction of Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of CBir1 TCR Transgenic CD4+ T Cells to Immunodeficient Mice
07:34

Induction of Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of CBir1 TCR Transgenic CD4+ T Cells to Immunodeficient Mice

Published on: December 16, 2021

2.5K
Author Spotlight: Liujunzi Decoction as a Traditional Chinese Treatment for Coloproctitis Cancer
06:24

Author Spotlight: Liujunzi Decoction as a Traditional Chinese Treatment for Coloproctitis Cancer

Published on: October 13, 2023

1.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice
08:37

Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice

Published on: April 21, 2015

16.5K
Induction of Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of CBir1 TCR Transgenic CD4+ T Cells to Immunodeficient Mice
07:34

Induction of Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of CBir1 TCR Transgenic CD4+ T Cells to Immunodeficient Mice

Published on: December 16, 2021

2.5K
Author Spotlight: Liujunzi Decoction as a Traditional Chinese Treatment for Coloproctitis Cancer
06:24

Author Spotlight: Liujunzi Decoction as a Traditional Chinese Treatment for Coloproctitis Cancer

Published on: October 13, 2023

1.8K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Inflammation Research

Background:

  • Inflammation is implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, but underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and its product Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) are linked to CRC, potentially by affecting the tumor suppressor gene Programmed Cell Death 4 (PDCD4).
  • MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is an oncogene known to target PDCD4, suggesting a potential link between COX-2 and miR-21 pathways in CRC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between the COX-2 and miR-21 pathways in colorectal cancer progression.
  • To determine if COX-2 activity influences miR-21 expression and PDCD4 levels in CRC.
  • To explore the role of this pathway in correlating with disease severity.

Main Methods:

  • Gene expression profiling of tumor and normal mucosa from 45 CRC patients.
  • In vitro studies using colonic adenocarcinoma cells.
  • Treatment with a selective COX-2 inhibitor (NS398) and Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).

Main Results:

  • Up-regulation of COX-2 and miR-21 in tumor tissue correlated with worse Dukes' stage.
  • NS398 treatment decreased miR-21 levels and increased PDCD4 protein.
  • PGE2 treatment up-regulated miR-21 expression and down-regulated PDCD4 protein.

Conclusions:

  • miR-21 is a component of the COX-2 inflammation pathway in colorectal cancer.
  • This pathway promotes CRC progression by increasing PGE2 and miR-21, leading to PDCD4 downregulation.
  • Targeting the COX-2/PGE2/miR-21 axis offers a potential therapeutic strategy for CRC.