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Related Concept Videos

Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

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Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
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IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

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Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and...
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Protein Kinases and Phosphatases02:54

Protein Kinases and Phosphatases

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Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
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Protein Kinases and Phosphatases02:54

Protein Kinases and Phosphatases

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PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

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The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a...
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Phosphorylation01:02

Phosphorylation

44.6K
The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
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Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry

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Exploring phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinase function.

Simon J Bulley1, Jonathan H Clarke1, Alaa Droubi1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK.

Advances in Biological Regulation
|October 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinases (PI5P4Ks) and their substrate, phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PI5P), are crucial in cell signaling. This review covers PI5P4K functions, PI5P synthesis, cellular roles, and links to disease.

Keywords:
InositideKinasePhosphatidylinositolPhosphatidylinositol 5-Phosphate4-kinasePhosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate

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Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation
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Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation

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Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes
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Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes

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Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
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Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation
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Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes
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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Signaling
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Inositide signaling pathways are critical for cellular processes.
  • Phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinases (PI5P4Ks) and their substrate, phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PI5P), are gaining recognition in this field.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on PI5P4Ks and PI5P.
  • To explore PI5P4K localization, interactions, and regulation.
  • To summarize PI5P synthesis and cellular functions, and discuss PI5P4K involvement in pathology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of inositide signaling research.
  • Analysis of studies on PI5P4K and PI5P.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of PI5P4K/PI5P biology and pathology.

Main Results:

  • PI5P4Ks are key regulators of PI5P levels.
  • PI5P plays diverse roles in cellular functions.
  • PI5P4Ks are implicated in various pathological conditions.

Conclusions:

  • PI5P4Ks and PI5P are central to inositide signaling.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate their functions and therapeutic potential.
  • Understanding PI5P4K roles is vital for disease research.