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Improving the management of dysglycemia in children in the developing world

Hubert Barennes1, Eric Pussard2

  • 1INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le VIH et Hépatite, ANRS Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Epidemiology Unit, Pasteur Institute, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Génétique Moléculaire, Pharmacogénétique et Hormonologie CHU Bicêtre, Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris, France barenneshub@yahoo.fr.

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
|October 15, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Point-of-care glucose diagnostics are vital in resource-constrained settings. This study explored hypoglycemia treatments, finding sublingual sugar effective, and calls for more research into tropical dysglycemia and safe treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Tropical Medicine
  • Point-of-Care Diagnostics
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Glucose dysregulation, including hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, is common in tropical regions and linked to increased pediatric mortality.
  • Causes of dysglycemia in resource-constrained settings (RCS) are poorly understood.
  • Current treatments for hyperglycemia, like insulin therapy, are effective in Western settings but lack non-invasive administration methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To improve the availability of point-of-care (POC) glucose diagnostics in RCS.
  • To document causes of dysglycemia in tropical regions.
  • To develop and evaluate simple, safe POC treatments for hypoglycemia in RCS.

Main Methods:

  • Documented causes of dysglycemia in tropical settings.
  • Conducted two clinical trials to assess the efficacy of sublingual sugar for hypoglycemia treatment.
  • Reviewed existing literature on dextrose gel for neonatal mortality.

Main Results:

  • Identified several causes of dysglycemia in RCS.
  • Demonstrated the efficacy of sublingual sugar in treating hypoglycemia through clinical trials.
  • Highlighted dextrose gel as a potential alternative for neonatal hypoglycemia, warranting comparison with sublingual sugar.

Conclusions:

  • Sublingual sugar is an effective POC treatment for hypoglycemia in RCS.
  • Further research is essential to understand dysglycemia mechanisms, frequency, and mortality in the tropics.
  • Development of safe and effective POC treatments for both hypo- and hyperglycemia is needed for tropical regions.

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