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Analyzing communication in genetic consultations--a systematic review.

Jean Paul1, Sylvia Metcalfe2, Lesley Stirling3

  • 1Genetics Education and Health Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Languages and Linguistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.

Patient Education and Counseling
|October 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This review of genetic counseling communication found that consultations are often dominated by clinician talk and biomedical information. More research is needed to understand these complex interactions.

Keywords:
Discourse analysisGenetic counselingMedical communicationMedical geneticsNarrative synthesisPhysician–patient relationsQualitative researchQuantitative researchSystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Communication
  • Genetic Counseling Research

Background:

  • Communication patterns in medical consultations are crucial for effective patient care.
  • Genetic specialists face unique communication challenges due to the complex nature of genetic information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize findings from studies analyzing communication within medical consultations involving genetic specialists.
  • To report on the design and outcomes of research investigating genetic consultation communication.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across seven databases, adhering to PRISMA and qualitative research review guidelines.
  • Twenty-two heterogeneous studies were included, with data extraction and narrative synthesis performed by three authors.

Main Results:

  • Identified structural patterns include clinician-dominated dialogue and a focus on biomedical information.
  • Key communication concepts explored were risk communication, power dynamics, and adherence to genetic counseling ideals.
  • Linking consultation processes with input/outcome measures proved challenging in many studies.

Conclusions:

  • Further interdisciplinary research with robust theoretical frameworks is essential to address the complexities of genetic consultations.
  • The findings offer guidance for designing future research on the process and effectiveness of genetic consultations.