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Perinatal mortality in the United States: 1985-91
In 1991, the US recorded a record low perinatal mortality rate of 8.7 deaths per 1,000 births. However, significant racial disparities persisted, with Black populations experiencing nearly double the rate of White populations.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Demography
Background:
- In 1991, the United States experienced 35,926 perinatal deaths.
- Perinatal mortality encompasses fetal deaths (≥28 weeks gestation) and early infant deaths (<7 days).
Purpose of the Study:
- To report the 1991 perinatal mortality rate in the United States.
- To analyze racial and ethnic disparities in perinatal mortality rates.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of national vital statistics data for 1991.
- Calculation of perinatal mortality rates per 1,000 live births and fetal deaths.
- Stratification of rates by race and Hispanic origin.
Main Results:
- The overall perinatal mortality rate reached a record low of 8.7 deaths per 1,000 live births and fetal deaths in 1991, a 19% decrease since 1985.
- Significant racial disparities were observed: the rate for the Black population was 15.7, compared to 7.4 for the White population.
- The Hispanic population's rate was 7.9, while the non-Hispanic White population's rate was 7.1 in reporting states.
Conclusions:
- While overall perinatal mortality declined, substantial racial and ethnic inequalities persist.
- Targeted public health interventions are needed to address disparities in perinatal outcomes.
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