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Heat fluctuations and initial ensembles.

Kwangmoo Kim1, Chulan Kwon2, Hyunggyu Park3

  • 1Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea and School of Physics, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul 130-722, Korea.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|October 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The fluctuation theorem for heat in Brownian motion deviates from predictions due to initial memory effects, unlike work fluctuations. Finite-time corrections reveal interesting noncommutativity in heat probability distributions.

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Area of Science:

  • Statistical mechanics
  • Non-equilibrium thermodynamics
  • Soft matter physics

Background:

  • Time-integrated quantities like work and heat accumulate during non-equilibrium processes.
  • Fluctuation theorems (FT) describe the statistical properties of these quantities.
  • The FT for heat typically fails with equilibrium initial ensembles, unlike the FT for work.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate heat and work fluctuations for a Brownian particle in a harmonic potential.
  • Analyze the impact of initial ensemble temperatures differing from the reservoir temperature.
  • Examine the validity of fluctuation theorems under these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical calculations of heat and work distributions.
  • Application of the modified saddle point integral method.
  • Analysis of Brownian particle dynamics in a harmonic potential near steady states.

Main Results:

  • The fluctuation theorem for work is recovered in the infinite-time limit for all initial temperatures.
  • Heat fluctuations deviate significantly from the FT, except in the infinite initial-temperature limit.
  • Finite-time corrections to heat and work distributions were analytically calculated.

Conclusions:

  • Initial memory effects in rare events impact heat fluctuations, causing deviations from the fluctuation theorem.
  • Noncommutativity exists between the infinite-time and infinite-initial-temperature limits for heat's probability distribution function.
  • The study highlights the subtle interplay between initial conditions and thermodynamic fluctuation theorems.