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Work Done in an Adiabatic Process

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Consider the adiabatic compression of an ideal gas in the cylinder of an automobile diesel engine. The gasoline vapor is injected into the cylinder of an automobile engine when the piston is in its expanded position. The temperature, pressure, and volume of the resulting gas-air mixture are 20 °C, 1.00 x 105 N/m2, and 240 cm3 , respectively. The mixture is then compressed adiabatically to a volume of 40 cm3. Note that, in the actual operation of an automobile engine, the compression is not...

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Computation of Atmospheric Concentrations of Molecular Clusters from ab initio Thermochemistry

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Calculating work in adiabatic two-level quantum Markovian master equations: a characteristic function method.

¹School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|October 15, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a new method to calculate work probability distributions in quantum systems. This approach reveals that work fluctuations in driven systems mirror those in isolated systems, offering insights into quantum thermodynamics.

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Area of Science:

Quantum thermodynamics
Quantum information theory
Statistical mechanics

Background:

Quantum Markovian master equations describe open quantum systems.
Adiabatic processes involve slow parameter changes.
Work in quantum systems is a key observable in thermodynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a characteristic function method for calculating work probability distributions.
To investigate the fluctuation properties of work in driven quantum systems.
To connect work fluctuations in open systems to those in isolated systems.

Main Methods:

Characteristic function method derived from quantum jump interpretation.
Application to adiabatic two-level quantum Markovian master equations.
Analysis of fluctuation properties using symmetry of characteristic functions.

Main Results:

The method successfully calculates probability density functions for inclusive work.
Fluctuation properties of work exhibit symmetry, similar to isolated systems.
A periodically driven two-level model validates the theoretical framework.

Conclusions:

The characteristic function method provides a robust tool for analyzing quantum work.
Symmetry in work fluctuations offers a universal characteristic across different quantum systems.
This work deepens the understanding of thermodynamics in open quantum systems.