Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Action Potential: Phases of Stimulation01:28

Action Potential: Phases of Stimulation

20.3K
The action potential is a complex electrical event that occurs in excitable cells, such as neurons and muscle cells. It consists of several distinct phases, each with specific characteristics.
Resting Phase:
In this phase, the cell's membrane is at its resting potential, typically around -70 millivolts (mV) for neurons. Inside the cell, there is a higher concentration of potassium ions (K+) and a lower concentration of sodium ions (Na+). Voltage-gated sodium channels are closed, and...
20.3K
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

4.5K
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
4.5K
Excitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Neurotransmitters01:29

Excitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Neurotransmitters

11.5K
When an action potential reaches the presynaptic axon terminal, it releases neurotransmitters from the neuron into the synaptic cleft at a chemical synapse. The released neurotransmitter can be excitatory or inhibitory. The critical criteria commonly used to determine whether a molecule is a neurotransmitter at a chemical synapse are the molecule's presence in the presynaptic neuron. Second, its release is in response to strong presynaptic depolarization. And lastly, the presence of...
11.5K
Generation of Action Potential in Skeletal Muscles01:24

Generation of Action Potential in Skeletal Muscles

9.0K
Every cell in the body maintains a membrane potential due to an uneven distribution of positive and negative charges across its plasma membrane. The membrane potential is measured in millivolts and quantifies the difference in charge across the membrane.
Like neurons, muscle cells are also regarded as excitable due to their capacity to change in response to stimuli, primarily due to voltage-gated ion channels embedded in their plasma membranes, which get activated by alterations in the...
9.0K
Action Potential01:14

Action Potential

9.7K
Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...
9.7K
Action Potential01:14

Action Potential

9.5K
Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...
9.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Synchronization transitions and sensitivity to asymmetry in the bimodal Kuramoto systems with Cauchy noise.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2023
Same author

Structural Insight into Complexation Ability and Coordination of Uranyl Nitrate by 1,10-Phenanthroline-2,9-diamides.

Inorganic chemistry·2021
Same author

Disorder fosters chimera in an array of motile particles.

Physical review. E·2021
Same author

Effect of Mechanical Stretching of the Right Atrium of Isolated Rat Heart on Dispersion of Repolarization before Fibrillation.

Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine·2020
Same author

[The associations of indices of echocardiography with polymorphism of genes of angiotensinogen and angiotensin receptor type I in examined patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease].

Problemy sotsial'noi gigieny, zdravookhraneniia i istorii meditsiny·2020
Same author

[The role of ADRB1 genes polymorphism in examined patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease].

Problemy sotsial'noi gigieny, zdravookhraneniia i istorii meditsiny·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Induction of an Isoelectric Brain State to Investigate the Impact of Endogenous Synaptic Activity on Neuronal Excitability In Vivo
10:19

Induction of an Isoelectric Brain State to Investigate the Impact of Endogenous Synaptic Activity on Neuronal Excitability In Vivo

Published on: March 31, 2016

7.4K

Interaction-based transition from passivity to excitability.

V S Petrov1, G V Osipov1

  • 1Nizhny Novgorod State University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|October 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Passive systems can become excitable through nonlinear dynamical interactions. This study explores this transition, analyzing excitable media properties and cardiac dynamics using the Luo-Rudy and FitzHugh-Nagumo models.

More Related Videos

Inducing Long-Term Plasticity of Intrinsic Neuronal Excitability in Neurons of the Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
05:01

Inducing Long-Term Plasticity of Intrinsic Neuronal Excitability in Neurons of the Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus

Published on: September 20, 2024

800
Dynamic Clamp Methods to Investigate Impaired Neuronal Excitability Associated with Autism
08:44

Dynamic Clamp Methods to Investigate Impaired Neuronal Excitability Associated with Autism

Published on: October 17, 2025

839

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Induction of an Isoelectric Brain State to Investigate the Impact of Endogenous Synaptic Activity on Neuronal Excitability In Vivo
10:19

Induction of an Isoelectric Brain State to Investigate the Impact of Endogenous Synaptic Activity on Neuronal Excitability In Vivo

Published on: March 31, 2016

7.4K
Inducing Long-Term Plasticity of Intrinsic Neuronal Excitability in Neurons of the Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
05:01

Inducing Long-Term Plasticity of Intrinsic Neuronal Excitability in Neurons of the Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus

Published on: September 20, 2024

800
Dynamic Clamp Methods to Investigate Impaired Neuronal Excitability Associated with Autism
08:44

Dynamic Clamp Methods to Investigate Impaired Neuronal Excitability Associated with Autism

Published on: October 17, 2025

839

Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear Dynamics
  • Computational Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Understanding the transition from passive to excitable behavior is crucial for modeling biological systems.
  • Nonlinear dynamical systems offer a framework to investigate complex system behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the transition from passive to excitable dynamics in nonlinear systems.
  • To characterize the properties of excitable media arising from this transition.
  • To explore applications in cardiac dynamics and functioning.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of nonlinear dynamical systems.
  • Qualitative analytic and numerical descriptions.
  • Demonstration using the Luo-Rudy and FitzHugh-Nagumo models.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that passive units can exhibit new excitable dynamics under specific interaction conditions.
  • Characterized the properties of an excitable medium based on this transition.
  • Illustrated the effects using the Luo-Rudy model and provided descriptions for the FitzHugh-Nagumo system.

Conclusions:

  • The interaction between nonlinear dynamical systems can induce a transition to excitable behavior.
  • The findings have implications for understanding and modeling cardiac dynamics.
  • The study provides a theoretical and computational basis for excitable media.