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Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study
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Cannabis and schizophrenia.

Benjamin C McLoughlin1, Jonathan A Pushpa-Rajah, Donna Gillies

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The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|October 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review found no evidence that psychological therapies or antipsychotics effectively reduce cannabis use in people with schizophrenia. More research is needed to determine effective treatments for cannabis use disorder in schizophrenia patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry and Mental Health
  • Addiction Medicine
  • Clinical Trials Research

Background:

  • Schizophrenia is a mental illness characterized by disordered thoughts and perceptions.
  • A significant proportion of individuals with schizophrenia use cannabis, but the reasons and consequences remain unclear.
  • Optimal strategies for managing cannabis intake in this population are not well-defined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of specific psychological interventions for reducing cannabis use in schizophrenia patients.
  • To assess the effectiveness of antipsychotic medications in managing cannabis use among individuals with schizophrenia.
  • To determine the impact of cannabinoids on symptom reduction in schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Trials Register and other databases up to August 2013.
  • Inclusion of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating psychological treatments, antipsychotics, or cannabinoids for schizophrenia and cannabis use.
  • Data extraction and analysis using risk ratios and mean differences with 95% confidence intervals; risk of bias and GRADE assessments were performed.

Main Results:

  • Eight RCTs involving 530 participants were included; data quality and reporting were often poor.
  • No psychological therapy demonstrated superiority over treatment as usual or non-specific psychoeducation for cannabis reduction.
  • Limited evidence suggests no significant differences between antipsychotics for cannabis reduction, and short-term data show no mental state differences with cannabidiol.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence is limited and inconclusive due to the small number and size of RCTs and data reporting issues.
  • Further research is required to explore adjunct psychological therapies for cannabis use in schizophrenia.
  • More studies are needed to identify effective drug treatments and to assess the antipsychotic potential of cannabidiol.