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Evaluation of left ventricular ejection fraction using through-time radial GRAPPA.

Gunhild Aandal1,2, Vidya Nadig3, Victoria Yeh4

  • 1Radiology, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA. gunhildaandal@yahoo.no.

Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance : Official Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
|October 16, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Real-time cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging using through-time radial GRAPPA significantly reduces scan time and artifacts compared to standard ECG-gated, breathhold methods. This non-gated, free-breathing approach provides comparable left ventricular ejection fraction measurements for patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular imaging
  • Medical physics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Standard left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) assessment via cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) necessitates ECG-gating and breathholds, prolonging scan times and risking artifacts.
  • Real-time CMR techniques, such as through-time radial GRAPPA, offer a potential solution to eliminate gating and breathholding requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare LVEF parameters derived from gold-standard breathhold ECG-gated CMR with non-gated, free-breathing real-time imaging using radial GRAPPA.
  • To evaluate the impact of the real-time approach on scan time and artifact occurrence.

Main Methods:

  • 63 patients underwent both standard ECG-gated, breathhold CMR and real-time radial GRAPPA CMR on a 1.5T scanner.
  • Left ventricular end-systolic volume (ESV), end-diastolic volume (EDV), and ejection fraction (EF) were calculated for both methods.
  • Image quality and artifacts were assessed by two independent readers; scan durations were recorded.

Main Results:

  • No statistically significant differences were found in EF, EDV, or ESV between the real-time and gold-standard methods (p > 0.77 for all).
  • Real-time imaging demonstrated significantly shorter scan durations (p < 0.001) and fewer artifacts (p < 0.01).
  • Qualitative analysis showed marginally preferred standard images, though cardiac motion was rated equivalently.

Conclusions:

  • Real-time functional CMR with through-time radial GRAPPA, performed without ECG-gating and under free-breathing, is a viable alternative to standard breathhold cine imaging.
  • This method offers efficient and accurate assessment of ejection fraction in patients.
  • The real-time approach reduces scan time and artifacts, improving patient experience and data quality.