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Nasolabial angle at rest and upon smiling.

Daniel Salvatore de Freitas1, Marcos Roberto de Freitas2, Guilherme Janson2

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Facial measurements, including the nasolabial angle (NLA) and pronasale (Prn)-A' linear measure, significantly change between rest and smiling in individuals with normal occlusion. These dynamic changes are crucial for diagnosing dentoskeletal deformities.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Facial analysis
  • Cephalometrics

Background:

  • Facial aesthetics and harmony are influenced by static and dynamic facial parameters.
  • Understanding cephalometric changes during smile is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning in orthodontics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the mean and standard deviation of the nasolabial angle (NLA) and the pronasale (Prn)-A' linear measure at rest and during smiling.
  • To assess the difference between these measurements at rest and during smiling in individuals with normal occlusion and facial harmony.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 40 white Brazilian adults (20 male, 20 female) aged 20-30 years with normal occlusion and facial harmony was analyzed.
  • Profile photographs were taken at rest and during smiling. Measurements of NLA and Prn-A' were performed using Dolphin software and a millimeter ruler.
  • Dependent t-tests were employed for statistical comparison of rest and smiling variables.

Main Results:

  • The nasolabial angle (NLA) showed a statistically significant increase from 104.93° at rest to 110.67° during smile (mean difference of 5.74°).
  • The pronasale (Prn)-A' linear measure also demonstrated a significant increase from 23.25 mm at rest to 24.04 mm during smile (mean difference of 0.79 mm).

Conclusions:

  • Significant variations in the nasolabial angle (NLA) and pronasale (Prn)-A' measurements occur between rest and smiling in individuals with normal facial features.
  • These dynamic cephalometric changes should be considered valuable diagnostic indicators in the treatment planning for sagittal dentoskeletal deformities.