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Aging reduces experience-induced sensorimotor plasticity. A magnetoencephalographic study.

Alison Mary1, Mathieu Bourguignon2, Vincent Wens3

  • 1UR2NF - Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit at CRCN, Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; UNI - ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.

Neuroimage
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Summary

Aging reduces the brain

Keywords:
AgingMagnetoencephalographyMotor learningMu rhythmPower changeRebound

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • The primary sensorimotor cortex (SM1) exhibits neural plasticity, reflected in mu-rhythm modulation.
  • Aging may impact experience-induced plasticity and motor learning.
  • Mu rhythms (alpha and beta bands) are sensitive to sensorimotor activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how aging affects experience-induced plasticity in SM1.
  • To compare changes in mu-rhythm modulation after motor sequence learning in young and older adults.
  • To explore age-related differences in neural plasticity.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetoencephalography (MEG) was used to measure mu-rhythm modulation during simple hand movements.
  • Participants (young and older adults) performed a simple movement task (SMT) before and after practicing a sequential finger-tapping task (FTT).
  • Dynamic Statistical Parametric Mapping (dSPM) localized mu-rhythm sources in the sensorimotor cortex.

Main Results:

  • Motor sequence learning resulted in an offline performance boost in both age groups.
  • Younger adults showed a significantly enhanced post-movement mu-rhythm rebound in the right SM1 compared to older adults.
  • Mu-beta rhythms were localized to the precentral gyrus (motor), and mu-alpha to the postcentral gyrus (somatosensory).

Conclusions:

  • Enhanced post-training mu-rhythm rebound in young adults suggests successful experience-dependent plasticity in SM1.
  • Aging is associated with reduced experience-dependent plasticity in the sensorimotor cortex.
  • These findings highlight age-related alterations in neural plasticity following motor learning.